1. What criticism is Randall not going to want to hear? State it without listing each specific piece of criticism; instead, state the overall topic/issue you need to address with Randall by filling in the blanks below with a single word.

Answer: The overall topic/issue is Randall’s ____ skills with his ____.

2. Rather than starting the message by stating the professional criticism/bad news, you must write a buffer that is specific and relevant to the situation. Be sure you’ve read the Negative News Message Elements item to learn the definition of a buffer, reasons for including one and the various types. Now review the Written Message 4 scenario to see what positive point you could make about Randall that is relevant to the criticism noted in #1 above.

Answer: In my message’s buffer, I could mention Randall’s ____.

Important: Items #1 and #2 above will form the first paragraph of Written Message 4; however, the buffer will come first followed by the criticism. You should write a two-sentence buffer, and make it a meaningful point by expanding on the details given in the scenario. Then make a transition to the statement of criticism, which can be written well in one or two sentences. All of the sentences must flow smoothly together to show they contain related ideas.

3. In Written Message 4, the second paragraph will directly tell the reader what to do differently and why. To do that effectively, you will write imperative statements, which directly tell the reader what to do using sentences worded as instructions or commands, such as Return any item within 30 days of purchase.

Immediately after each imperative statement, you will include at least one persuasive reason or benefit (see underlined portions ahead) such as To get a full refund, return any item within 30 days of purchase or Announce meetings three days in advance so everyone will have time to plan for it. The benefit or reason can also appear in a separate sentence: At least 24 hours before a meeting, email everyone your agenda. Having the agenda ahead of time helps attendees prepare for the meeting, which makes it more informative and productive.

It’s also best to use specific details and positive language when delivering imperative statements so the reader knows exactly what to do and focuses on the correct action, not the incorrect one. For example, instead of writing Don’t make your status meetings too long because people get bored, write Keep status meetings around 30 minutes long to help everyone stay focused . To maximize persuasiveness and build strong content, include a second reason/benefit, such as Keep status meetings around 30 minutes long to help everyone stay focused and give us enough time to complete our other daily tasks . Note that the examples in this paragraph and the one above do not relate to the Written Message 4 scenario.

To practice the skills described above, revise the indented blue text paragraph below, which comes directly from the Written Message 4 assignment. The sentences describe Randall’s less-than-effective communication habits, but your revision should tell Randall what to do differently using positively worded imperative statements; do not mention his bad habits. You must also give at least one benefit of/ justification for each change that focuses on Randall, his co-workers or both.

For all three changes, include the underlined portions so the reader knows when changes need to be made. You can use the exact underlined phrases or change them slightly to fit your style. You can also leave them at the beginning of the sentence or move them to another part of the sentence. When you state a specific reason or benefit for each change, you can place it in the same sentence as the change, in a separate one or both–a sentence stating the change and one reason/benefit followed by another sentence stating a second reason/benefit. Again, use the italicized examples in blue text above as guides, and remember these may become sentences you use in Written Message 4, so please take your time to do your best work.

Leave the blue text paragraph below in place, and write your revision beneath it. Some portions are in bold text to make the actions stand out, but all of your sentences should be in plain text only–no bold or underlining. Since the details below will form the second paragraph of Written Message 4, getting specific feedback and revising (if necessary) will definitely help you earn a higher grade on the upcoming written message. Finally, remember that you are directly addressing the reader to prompt change, so use imperative statements, positive language and at least one specific reason for or benefit of each change. Be sure to address all parts in bold when stating the actions the reader should take.

When writing emails, he often takes too long to get to the main point of his message, which means many of his emails are unnecessarily long. During meetings, he frequently interrupts co-workers to add his thoughts. Also, when he gives status updates on team projects, he never mentions his team members and their contributions; he focuses only on his contributions to the project.

Points: /50

Final notes: Use the outline below when drafting Written Message 4, but please wait to finalize your message until you get feedback on the responses above. Note: There’s nothing to complete for this part of the assignment; just use the outline below when drafting your message.

Paragraph 1: Start with a one- or two-sentence buffer; look up this term in the Negative News Message Elements item, and learn about the types of buffers. A buffer of agreement, appreciation or praise would work in this situation. See the scenario for specifical, logical details you could incorporate in the buffer, but avoid just copying and pasting text from the scenario. After the buffer, write a sentence or two stating the bad news/criticism worded positively. Between the end of the buffer and the beginning of the bad news/criticism, there should be a phrase that clearly connects the two points. In other words, the buffer and statement of criticism read like related points, logically and smoothly connected. Paragraph length: approximately 3-4 sentences.

Paragraph 2: Start with an imperative statement containing one change Randall must make and give one or two reasons/justifications/benefits of making that change. Be sure to use positive language. You can write the change and reason in one or two sentences, and the reasons/justifications/benefits can focus on Randall and/or his co-workers. Repeat the previous steps when writing the next two changes. Though the sentences stating changes should all be imperative, strive for sentence variety. Also, use transitional words/phrases where needed to move from one point to the next. One option for a transitional phrase is to write when a specific action should occur, such as During meetings or When reporting on team projects; another option is a typical transition like the word Also. Finally, write all sentences using a natural, conversational tone, not a formal one. Remember that your goal is to be helpful, not harsh or punitive. Paragraph length: approximately 5-8 sentences.

Paragraph 3: Write a positive, forward-looking sentence or two containing some future-oriented detail regarding the topic/situation. Though there are many ways to end this message effectively, think about ending by stating something you’re looking forward to regarding this topic or something the reader can look forward to after making these changes.

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