At the community level, social capital theory and diffusion of innovation theory help describe initiatives serving populations and how these approaches are at the heart of preventing and controlling disease from a public health perspective. Each of these theories is made up of a series of constructs that can be applied to situations like the Lemon Valley scenario presented in the module introduction. To prepare:

Review the information on social capital theory.

Consider the following scenario:

Lemon Valley is a small suburban community. Several community members have expressed concerns about the lack of places to walk in the city. Sidewalks are lacking or broken in many places, and there are only a few paths and trails in the local parks. These are also in need of repair and updating with things like streetlights and fitness equipment. The city council has this issue on their agenda for the next meeting. Post your responses to the following questions:

Discuss how a community can use social capital theory to address the lack of sidewalks in a neighborhood.
Explain how bridging social capital can positively or negatively impact a community when trying to improve walkability.
Now, explain how the four elements of the diffusion of innovations can be used to help the same community plan to build or expand walking trails.
Describe how issues of structural bias should be considered in examining walkability issues.

Be sure to cite information using APA style.

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