The Session Long Project for this course is to examine partnerships of five essential sectors to an effective Emergency Response Plan (ERP)—using the National Response Framework (NRF) as a guide.
These partnerships are:
• Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and volunteer partnerships
• Military partnerships: humanitarian/support role
• Local, state, and federal partnerships
• Private sector partnerships
• Local fire department/law enforcement partnerships
Respond to the following:
A. The NRF contains guidelines for NGO and volunteer involvement in the aftermath of a disaster. An effective ERP should have language addressing their involvement locally.
o Locate the appropriate NRF Annex for the American Red Cross. Choose two functions and relate them to an effective ERP. In other words, how and what would be the functions of the Red Cross according to an ideal Emergency Response Plan? Cite your sources by location, title, and page number.
B. NGOs and Ethical Decision-Making. Managers and responders must make moral and critical decisions in a crisis environment.
o In your Background reading, locate the two sources concerning ethics, especially the five approaches to making ethical decisions. From the five, focus on one that you believe is primary and elaborate on your choice.

Required Reading
Atkinson, C. L. (2023). Local government emergency management. Encyclopedia (Basel, Switzerland), 3(1), 1-14. Available in the Trident Online Library.
Brookes, P. (2017). 64th Islamist terrorist plot since 9/11 shows the U.S. must combat radical Islamist threat. Heritage Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.heritage.org/terrorism/report/64th-islamist-terrorist-plot-911-shows-the-us-must-combat-radical-islamist-threat Read Counterterrorism Policy
Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. (2015). Pages 23-72 in: Healthy, resilient, and sustainable communities after disasters: Strategies, opportunities, and planning for recovery. The National Academies Press. Retrieved from Trident University Library.
Review of the Department’s preparation to respond to a WMD incident (2010), U.S. Department of Justice, I-2010-004. Retrieved from: http://www.justice.gov/oig/reports/plus/e1004.pdf Read “Results in Brief” pp. ii to ix.
United States Government interagency domestic terrorism concept of operations plan (2001). Retrieved from: http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/conplan.html
Ziskin,L. and Harris, D. (2007). State health policy for terrorism preparedness. American Journal of Public Health, 97(9), 1583-8. Retrieved from Trident Online Library.
Required Websites
Emergency preparedness in response to terrorism. U.S.NRC. http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/emerg-preparedness/respond-to-emerg/response-terrorism.html
Emergency Response Plan, Ready.gov, DHS: https://www.ready.gov/business/implementation/emergency
Emergency support function annexes. DHS: https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/25512
FEMA Website. http://www.fema.org/ [Search the FEMA site for background information on different types of emergencies and disasters].
U.S. Department of Defense Joint Operations Planning and Execution System. https://www.disa.mil/Mission-Support/Command-and-Control/JPES
Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington – Local Government Emergency Planning (2023): https://mrsc.org/explore-topics/public-safety/emergency-services/emergency-management-and-disaster-planning/emergency-planning-at-the-local-government-level

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